The wheel, along with the wheel and axle mechanism, was invented in Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) during the 5th millennium BC. The wedge and the inclined plane (ramp) were known since prehistoric times. The six classic simple machines were known in the ancient Near East. The application of mechanical engineering can be seen in the archives of various ancient and medieval societies. Main article: History of mechanical engineering Mechanical engineers may also work in the field of biomedical engineering, specifically with biomechanics, transport phenomena, biomechatronics, bionanotechnology, and modelling of biological systems. It also overlaps with aerospace engineering, metallurgical engineering, civil engineering, structural engineering, electrical engineering, manufacturing engineering, chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and other engineering disciplines to varying amounts. The field has continually evolved to incorporate advancements today mechanical engineers are pursuing developments in such areas as composites, mechatronics, and nanotechnology. In the 19th century, developments in physics led to the development of mechanical engineering science. Mechanical engineering emerged as a field during the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 18th century however, its development can be traced back several thousand years around the world. It is the branch of engineering that involves the design, production, and operation of machinery. In addition to these core principles, mechanical engineers use tools such as computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and product lifecycle management to design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, aircraft, watercraft, robotics, medical devices, weapons, and others. The mechanical engineering field requires an understanding of core areas including mechanics, dynamics, thermodynamics, materials science, structural analysis, and electricity.
It is one of the oldest and broadest of the engineering branches. Mechanical engineering is an engineering branch that combines engineering physics and mathematics principles with materials science, to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems. Technology, science, exploration, military
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